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Computer & IT Fundamentals

Introduction to Information Technology provides a foundational overview of how computers, software, networks, and data systems are used to solve real-world problems. It covers basic hardware and software concepts, operating systems, networking, the internet, and emerging technologies.

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Introduction to Information Technology

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Course Title: Introduction to Information Technology

Course No: CSC114

Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab

Semester: 1

Full Marks: 60 + 20 + 20

Pass Marks: 24 + 8 + 8

Credit Hours: 3

Course Description

Course Objectives

Course Contents

1. Introduction to Computer

3 hrs

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Digital and Analog Computers

1.3. Characteristics of Computer

1.4. History of Computer

1.5. Generations of Computer

1.6. Classification of Computer

1.7. The Computer System

1.8. Application of Computers

2. The Computer System Hardware

3 hrs

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Central Processing Unit

2.3. Memory Unit

2.4. Instruction Format

2.5. Instruction Set

2.6. Instruction Cycle

2.7. Microprocessor

2.8. Interconnecting the Units of a Computer

2.9. Inside a Computer Cabinet

3. Computer Memory

4 hrs

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Memory Representation

3.3. Memory Hierarchy

3.4. CPU Registers

3.5. Cache Memory

3.6. Primary Memory

3.7. Secondary Memory

3.8. Access Types of Storage Devices

3.9. Magnetic Tape

3.10. Magnetic Disk

3.11. Optical Disk

3.12. Magneto-Optical Disk

3.13. How the Computer uses its memory

4. Input and Output Devices

4 hrs

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Input-Output Unit

4.3. Input Devices

4.4. Human Data Entry Devices

4.5. Source Data Entry Devices

4.6. Output Devices

4.8. Working of I/O System

5. Data Representation

6 hrs

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Number System

5.3. Conversion from Decimal to Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal

5.4. Conversion of Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal to Decimal

5.5. Conversion of Binary to Octal, Hexadecimal

5.6. Conversion of Octal, Hexadecimal to Binary

5.7. Binary Arithmetic

5.8. Signed and Unsigned Numbers

5.9. Binary Data Representation

5.10. Binary Coding Schemes

5.11. Logic Gates

6. Computer Software

6 hrs

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Types of Software

6.3. System Software

6.4. Application Software

6.5. Software Acquisition

6.6. Operating System

Introduction

Objectives of Operating System

Types of OS

Functions of OS

Process Management

Memory Management

File Management

Device Management

Protection and Security

User Interface

Examples of Operating Systems

7. Data Communication and Computer Network

5 hrs

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Importance of Networking

7.3. Data Transmission Media

7.4. Data Transmission across Media

7.5. Data Transmission and Data Networking

7.6. Computer Network

7.7. Network Types

7.8. Network Topology

7.9. Communication Protocol

7.10. Network Devices

7.11. Wireless Networking

8. The Internet and Internet Services

4 hrs

8.1. Introduction

8.2. History of Internet

8.3. Internetworking Protocol

8.4. The Internet Architecture

8.5. Managing the Internet

8.6. Connecting to Internet

8.7. Internet Connections

8.8. Internet Address

8.9. Internet Services

8.10. Uses of Internet

8.11. Introduction to Internet of Things (IoT), Wearable Computing, and Cloud Computing

8.12. Introduction to E-commerce, E-governance, and Smart City, GIS and its Applications

9. Fundamentals of Database

4 hrs

9.1. Introduction

9.3. Database System

9.4. Database Management System

9.5. Database System Architectures

9.6. Database Applications

9.7. Introduction to Data Warehousing, Data mining, and BigData

3 hrs

10.1. Introduction

10.2. Multimedia - Definition

10.3. Characteristics of Multimedia

10.4. Elements of Multimedia

10.5. Multimedia Applications

11. Computer Security

3 hrs

11.1. Introduction

11.2. Security Threat and Security Attack

11.3. Malicious Software

11.4. Security Services

11.5. Security Mechanisms

Cryptography

Digital Signature

Firewall

Users Identification and Authentication

Intrusion Detection Systems

11.6. Security Awareness

11.7. Security Policy

Laboratory Works

1.Computer hardware and operating system fundamentals
2.Word processing, spreadsheet and presentation tools
3.Database management systems
4.Internet and its services

Text Books

1.Computer Fundamentals, Anita Goel, Pearson Education India

Reference Books

1.Introduction to Computers, Peter Norton, 7th Edition, McGraw Hill Education
2.Computer Fundamental, Pradeep K. Sinha and Priti Sinha
3.Data Mining Concepts and Techniques, Third Edition, Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber and Jian Pei
4.Cloud Computing Bible, Barrie Sosinsky, Wiley

Notes:

Source:

This course covers the basic concepts of computers and information technology including introduction, hardware, software, memory, input/output, data representation, database, networks and data communication, Internet, multimedia, and computer security.

The main objective of this course is to provide students knowledge of fundamental concepts of computers and information technology.

After completing this course, students should have practical knowledge of different hardware components of computer, operating systems, Word Processors, Spreadsheets, Presentation Graphics, Database Management Systems, and Internet and its services.

This syllabus follows the official B.Sc. CSIT curriculum of Tribhuvan University. In case of any doubt or revision, the university’s published syllabus shall be considered authoritative.