Computer Graphics
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Course Title: Computer Graphics
Course No: CSC214
Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab
Semester: 3
Full Marks: 60 + 20 + 20
Pass Marks: 24 + 8 + 8
Credit Hours: 3
Course Description
Course Objectives
Course Contents
1.1. Overview and Applications
- A Brief Overview of Computer Graphics
- Areas of Applications
1.2. Graphics Hardware
- Display Technology
- Architecture of Raster-Scan Displays
- Vector Displays
- Display Processors
- Hard copy device
- Input Devices
1.3. Graphics Software
- Software standards
- Need of machine independent graphics language
2.1. Scan Converting a Point and a straight Line
- DDA Line Algorithm
- Bresenham's Line Algorithm
2.2. Scan Converting Circle and Ellipse
- Mid Point Circle Algorithm
- Mid Point Ellipse Algorithm
2.3. Area Filling
- Scan Line Polygon fill Algorithm
- Inside-outside Test
- Scan line fill of Curved Boundary area
- Boundary-fill and Flood-fill algorithm
3.1. 2D Transformations
- Two-Dimensional translation
- Rotation
- Scaling
- Reflection and Shearing
3.2. Composite Transformations and Coordinate Systems
- Homogeneous Coordinate and 2D Composite Transformations
- Transformation between Co-ordinate Systems
3.3. Two Dimensional Viewing
- Viewing pipeline
- Window to viewport coordinate transformation
3.4. Clipping
- Point Clipping
- Lines (Cohen Sutherland line clipping, Liang-Barsky Line Clipping)
- Polygon Clipping (Sutherland Hodgeman polygon clipping)
4.1. 3D Transformations
- Three-Dimensional translation
- Rotation
- Scaling
- Reflection and Shearing
4.3. Three-Dimensional Viewing
- Viewing pipeline
- world to screen viewing transformation
- Projection concepts (Orthographic, parallel, perspective projections)
5.1. Representing Surfaces
- Boundary and Space partitioning
- Polygon Surface: Polygon tables
- Surface normal and Spatial orientation of surfaces
- Plane equations
- Polygon meshes
- Wireframe Representation
- Blobby Objects
5.2. Representing Curves
- Parametric Cubic Curves
- Spline Representation
- Cubic spline interpolation
- Hermite Curves
- Bezier and B-spline Curve and surface
5.3. Quadric Surface
- Sphere and Ellipsoid
6. Solid Modeling
4 hrs
6.1. Solid Representation Techniques
- Sweep, Boundary and Spatial-Partitioning Representation
- Binary Space Partition Trees (BSP)
- Octree Representation
7.1. Detection Techniques
- Image Space and Object Space Techniques
- Back Face Detection
- Depth Buffer (Z-buffer)
- A-Buffer and Scan-Line Algorithms
7.2. Advanced Detection Methods
- Depth Sorting Method (Painter's Algorithm)
- BSP tree Method
- Octree and Ray Tracing
8.1. Basic Illumination Models
- Ambient light
- Diffuse reflection
- Specular reflection and Phong model
8.2. Advanced Lighting Considerations
- Intensity attenuation and Color consideration
- Transparency
- Shadows
8.3. Polygon Rendering Methods
- Constant intensity shading
- Gouraud shading
- Phong Shading and Fast Phong Shading
9.1. Virtual Reality Fundamentals
- Concept of Virtual reality
9.2. VR System Components
- Virtual Reality Components of VR System
- Types of VR System
- 3D Position Trackers
- Navigation and Manipulation Interfaces
10.1. OpenGL Basics
- Introduction
- Callback functions
- Color commands
10.2. Drawing and Rendering in OpenGL
- Drawings pixels, lines, polygons using OpenGL
- Viewing and Lighting
Laboratory Works
- 1.DDA Line Algorithm
- 2.Bresenham's line drawing algorithm
- 3.Mid Point Circle Algorithm
- 4.Mid Point Ellipse Algorithm
- 5.Basic transformation on 2D including Translation, Rotation and Scaling
- 6.Simple 3D Object with basic transformations including Translation, Rotation and Scaling
- 7.Clipping
- 8.Hidden surface removal
- 9.Basic Drawing Techniques in OpenGL
Text Books
- 1.Donald Hearne and M. Pauline Baker, Computer Graphics, C Versions, Prentice Hall
Reference Books
- 1.J.D. Foley, S.K. Feiner and J.F. Hughes, Computer Graphics – Principles and Practises (Second Edition in C)
- 2.R.K. Maurya, Computer Graphics with Virtual Reality, Wiley India
- 3.F.S. Hill, Stephen M.Kelley, Computer Graphics using Open GL, Prentice Hall