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Probability and Statistics

Probability and Statistics focuses on the "logical" collection, analysis, and interpretation of data using mathematical frameworks. It provides the "technical clarity" needed for "technical" decision-making, interpreting market trends, and understanding "unit economics" like CAC and LTV within "Business Information Systems".

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TabFlux . Probability & Statistics . TU . BCA-OLD

Probability & Statistics

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Course Title: Probability & Statistics

Course No: CACS202

Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab

Semester: 3

Full Marks: 20 + 20 + 60

Pass Marks: 8 + 8 + 24

Credit Hours: 3

Course Description

Course Objectives

Course Contents

1. Unit 1 Introduction to Statistics

3 hrs

1.1. Meaning, Scope and Limitations of Statistics, Types and Sources of Data, Methods and Problems of Collection of Primary and Secondary Data

2. Unit 2 Descriptive Statistics

6 hrs

2.1. Measure of Central Tendency (Arithmetic Mean, Median, Partition Values, Mode)

2.2. Measure of Dispersion (Absolute and Relative Measures: Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean Deviation, Standard Deviation, and Coefficient of Variation)

3. Unit 3 Correlation and Regression Analysis

6 hrs

3.1. Correlation: Definition, Scatter diagram, Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation, Numerical problems for determination of Correlation Coefficients

3.2. Regression: Definition, Dependent and Independent Variables, Least Square method only, Numerical Problems

4. Unit 4 Probability

8 hrs

4.1. Definition of Probability, Two basic Laws of Probability (without proof), Conditional Probability

4.2. Probability Distributions (Binomial, Poisson and Normal); simple numerical problems

5. Unit 5 Sample Survey

6 hrs

5.1. Concept of Population and Sample; Needs of Sampling; Censuses and Sample Survey

5.2. Basic Concept of Sampling; Organizational Aspect of Sample Survey; Questionnaire Design

5.3. Sample Selection and Determination of Sample Size; Sampling and Non Sampling Errors

6. Unit 6 Sample Survey Methods

10 hrs

6.1. Types of Sampling: Simple Random Sampling with and without Replacement; Stratified Random Sampling

6.2. Systematic Sampling; Cluster Sampling; Multistage Sampling; Probability Proportion to Size Sampling (PPS)

6.3. Ratio and Regression Method of Estimation under Simple and Stratified Random Sampling; Estimation of Population Total and its Variance

6.4. Sampling Distributions (t, x², z) and Related Problems

7. Unit 7 Design of Experiment

6 hrs

7.1. Concept of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), F -Statistic and its Distribution

7.2. Linear Model in ANOVA, Analysis of One Way, Two Way Classification (1 and m observations per cell) in Fixed Effect Model

Laboratory Works

1.Statistical analysis using SPSS

Text Books

1.Mukhopadhyay P., “Theory and Methods of Survey Sampling”, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1998
2.Sheldon M. Ross, “Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists”, 3rd Edition, India, Academic Press, 2005

Reference Books

1.Cochran W.G., “Sampling Techniques”, 3rd edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 1977
2.Hogg & Tanis, “Probability and Statistical Inference”, 6th edition, First Indian Reprint, 2002
3.Montgomery Douglas C., “Design and Analysis of Experiments”, 5th edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2001
4.Upadhayay, H. P., Paudel, K.C & et al, “Elements of Business Mathematics”, Pinnacle Publication

Notes:

Source:

This course covers basic concept of statistics, measurement of central tendency, correlation & regression analysis, probability, sample survey, sample survey methods and design of experiment. These topics are essential tools for research.

The general objectives of this course are to provide fundamental concept of Statistics, Probability, Sample Survey and their applications in the area of Social Science and Computer Application.

Techniques for using the computer as a tool in the analysis of statistical problems will be introduced. SPSS software should be used for data analysis.

This syllabus follows the official BCA curriculum of Tribhuvan University. In case of any doubt or revision, the university's published syllabus shall be considered authoritative.