Microprocessors

Course Title: Microprocessors

Course No: ENEX 201

Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab

Semester: 3

Full Marks: 40 + 60 + 50

Pass Marks: 16 + 24 + 20

Credit Hours: 3

Course Description

Microprocessors provides a comprehensive understanding of microprocessor architecture, programming, and interfacing techniques, with focus on the Intel 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. Topics include computer organization, instruction sets, memory and I/O interfacing, interrupt mechanisms, and advanced architectural concepts.

Course Objectives

The objective of this course is to familiarize students with assembly language programming, hardware and applications of microprocessors. The course provides students with a comprehensive understanding of microprocessor architecture, programming, and interfacing techniques, with a focus on the Intel 8085 and 8086 microprocessors. Students will gain theoretical and practical knowledge of microprocessor-based systems, covering essential topics such as computer organization, instruction sets, memory and I/O interfacing, interrupt mechanisms, and advanced architectural concepts.

Course Contents

1. Introduction

4 hrs6 marks

1.1. Introduction to microprocessors

1.2. History of microprocessors

1.3. Basic block diagram of a digital computer

1.4. Microcomputer and microcontroller

1.5. Bus organization of computer system

1.6. Stored program concept (Von Neumann's architecture)

1.7. Processing cycle of a stored program computer

2. Intel 8085 Microprocessor

12 hrs15 marks

2.1. Features of 8085

2.2. Internal architecture of 8085

2.3. Pin configurations of 8085

2.4. Instruction format and data format

2.5. Addressing modes of 8085

2.6. Instruction set of 8085

2.7. Various programs in 8085

Simple programs with arithmetic and logical operations

Conditions and loops

Array and table processing

Decimal - BCD conversion

Multiplication and division

2.8. Instruction cycle, machine cycle and T-cycle

2.9. Timing diagrams of bus operations

3. Intel 8086 Microprocessor

14 hrs18 marks

3.1. Features of 8086

3.2. Internal architecture of 8086

BIU and components

EU and components

EU and BIU operations

3.3. Segment and offset address

3.4. Pin configurations of 8086

3.5. Addressing modes of 8086

3.6. Assembly language programming

3.7. High level versus low level programming

3.8. Assembly language syntax

Comments

Reserved words

Identifiers

Statements

Directives

Operators

Instructions

3.9. EXE and COM programs

3.10. Assembling, linking and execution

3.11. One pass and two pass assemblers

3.12. Interrupt services: INT 21H and INT 10H

3.13. Various programs in 8086

Simple programs for arithmetic, logical, string and input/output

Conditions and loops

Array and string processing

ASCII and decimal numbers operation

Displaying numbers in decimal, binary and hexadecimal formats

4. Microprocessor System

7 hrs12 marks

4.1. Memory classifications and hierarchy

4.2. Interfacing I/O devices and memory with 8085

Address decoding

Unique and non-unique address decoding

I/O mapped I/O and memory mapped I/O

I/O address decoding with NAND and block decoders

Memory address decoding

4.3. Parallel Interface

Modes: Simple, wait, single handshaking and double handshaking

Introduction to programmable peripheral interface (PPI)

4.4. Serial Interface

Synchronous and asynchronous transmission

Serial interface standards: RS232, USB

Introduction to USART

5. Interrupt Operations

5 hrs6 marks

5.1. Interrupt and its importance

5.2. Polling vs interrupt

5.3. Types of interrupts

5.4. Interrupts in 8085 and interrupt instructions

5.5. Interrupt service routine

5.6. Interrupt processing in 8085

5.7. Using programmable interrupt controllers (PIC)

5.8. Interrupt in 8086 and interrupt vector table

5.9. Interrupt processing in 8086

6. Advanced Topics

3 hrs3 marks

6.1. Harvard architecture

6.2. Accumulator based and register based architecture

6.3. Hardwired and microprogrammed control unit

6.4. RISC and CISC

6.5. Introduction to multiprocessing/multitasking

6.6. Digital signal processor

Laboratory Works

Practical sessions of 45 hours covering 8085 and 8086 assembly language programming including data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, stack and I/O instructions, DEBUG familiarization, INT 21H and INT 10H services, and a lab test.

1.Familiarization to Programming Kit and Program Entry/Execution in Kit
2.8085 Assembly Language Programming with Data Transfer Instructions
3.8085 Assembly Language Programming with Arithmetic Instructions
4.8085 Assembly Language Programming with Logical Instructions
5.8085 Assembly Language Programming with Branching and Stack Instructions
6.Miscellaneous and Practical Programming with 8085 such as multiplication/division
7.Familiarization with DEBUG and Entry/Executing Programs
8.8086 assembly language programming with simple programs and assemble link and execute programs
9.8086 Assembly Language Programming for Input and Output Using INT 21H Service
10.8086 Assembly Language Programming for Display Using INT 10H Service
11.8086 Assembly Language Programs for Various Conditions and I/O Operations
12.Lab Test

Reference Books

1.Gaonkar, R. S. (2002). Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085. United Kingdom: Prentice Hall.
2.Abel, P. (2000). IBM PC Assembly Language and Programming (5th edition). United Kingdom: Prentice Hall.
3.Hall, D. V. (1999). Microprocessors and Interfacing: Programming and Hardware (2nd Edition). Tata McGraw Hill.
4.Stalling, W. (2009). Computer Organization and Architecture. Prentice Hall.

Notes:

This syllabus follows the official BEI curriculum of Tribhuwan University. In case of any doubt or revision, the university's published syllabus shall be considered authoritative. https://ioe.tu.edu.np/pages/electronics-engineering-curriculum-structure-2660

Appropriate assignment problems should be given to students after the completion of each chapter.

The questions will cover all the chapters in the syllabus. There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

Microprocessor