Electrical Circuits and Machines

Course Title: Electrical Circuits and Machines

Course No: ENEE 154

Nature of the Course: Theory + Lab

Semester: 2

Full Marks: 40 + 60 + 25

Pass Marks: 16 + 24 + 10

Credit Hours: 4

Course Description

Electrical Circuits and Machines develops a comprehensive understanding of electric circuit theory and analysis techniques, alongside the principles and operation of electric machines including transformers, DC and AC machines. Topics include transient analysis, Laplace transform methods, network transfer functions, two-port parameters, magnetic circuits, transformers, DC machines, and AC motors.

Course Objectives

To develop a comprehensive understanding of electric circuit theory and analysis techniques, alongside the principles and operation of electric machines including transformers, DC and AC machines.

Course Contents

1. Transients in Electric Circuit

7 hrs7 marks

1.1. Characteristics of various network elements

1.2. Nodal analysis with dependent and independent sources

1.3. Mesh analysis with dependent and independent sources

1.4. Application of matrix method in network analysis

1.5. Procedure of evaluating initial conditions

1.6. Initial values of derivatives

1.7. Initial condition in the case of R-L-C network

2. Transient Analysis R-L-C Circuit by Classical Method

10 hrs10 marks

2.1. Introduction

2.2. First order differential equation with constant coefficient

2.3. Higher order homogenous and non-homogenous differential equation with constant coefficient

2.4. Particular integral by method of undetermined coefficient

2.5. Response of R-L and R-C circuits with DC excitation

DC excitation

Exponential excitation

Sinusoidal excitation

2.6. Response of Series R-L-C circuits with

DC excitation

Exponential excitation

Sinusoidal excitation

2.7. Response of Parallel R-L-C circuits with

DC excitation

Exponential excitation

3. Transient Analysis Using Laplace Transform

7 hrs7 marks

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Response of R-L and R-C circuits with

DC excitation

Exponential excitation

Sinusoidal excitation

3.3. Response of series R-L-C circuits with

DC excitation

Exponential excitation

Sinusoidal excitation

3.4. Response of parallel R-L-C circuits with

DC excitation

Exponential excitation

4. Network Transfer Function and Frequency Response

8 hrs8 marks

4.1. Concept of complex frequency

4.2. Transfer functions of two port networks

4.3. Poles and zeros of networks

4.4. Magnitude and phase response

4.5. Bode diagrams

4.6. Band width, high-q and low-q circuits

4.7. Basic concept of filters: High-pass, low-pass, band-stop and band-pass filters

5. Two-Port Parameters of Network

8 hrs8 marks

5.1. Definitions of two-port networks

5.2. Parameters of two-port networks

Open circuit impedance parameters

Short circuit admittance parameters

Transmission line parameters

Inverse transmission line parameters

Hybrid parameters

Inverse hybrid parameters

5.3. Relationship and transformation between sets of parameters

5.4. Interconnection of two port networks

5.5. Condition for reciprocity and symmetry

6. Magnetic Circuit and Induction

3 hrs3 marks

6.1. Magnetic circuit and its types

6.2. B-H relationship and hysteresis with DC excitation

6.3. Hysteresis with AC excitation

6.4. Hysteresis loss and Eddy current loss

6.5. Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, statically and dynamically induced EMF

6.6. Force on current carrying conductor

7. Transformers

6 hrs6 marks

7.1. Construction, operating principle and EMF equation of single-phase transformer

7.2. No load and load operation of transformer

7.3. Equivalent circuit diagram of transformer

7.4. Transformer testing (Open circuit and short circuit)

7.5. Voltage regulation, losses, efficiency and condition for maximum efficiency

7.6. Auto transformer, Isolation transformer

8. DC Machine

5 hrs5 marks

8.1. Constructional details of DC machine

8.2. Operating principle and EMF equation of DC generator

8.3. Operating principle and torque equation of DC motor

8.4. Types of DC machine

8.5. Back EMF and its role in DC motor

8.6. Performance characteristics of DC motor

8.7. Starting of DC motor using 3-point starter

8.8. Speed control of DC motor (Armature control, field control)

8.9. Losses and efficiency

9. AC Motor

6 hrs6 marks

9.1. Construction, production of rotating magnetic field and operating principle of three-phase induction motor

9.2. Torque equation of three-phase induction motor at standstill and running condition

9.3. Torque slip characteristics, condition for maximum torque and effect of rotor resistance on torque slip characteristics

9.4. Single-phase induction motor

9.5. Double field revolving theory

9.6. Starting of single-phase induction motor (Capacitor start and run, shaded pole)

9.7. Introduction to permanent magnet brushless DC motor, hysteresis motor, stepper motor, servo motor, universal motor

Laboratory Works

Practical sessions of 22.5 hours covering transient response in first and second order passive circuits, two-port network parameter verification, transformer testing, DC motor speed control, and single-phase AC motor operation.

1.Transient Response in First Order System Passive Circuit
2.Transient Response in Second Order System Passive Circuit
3.Two Port Network
4.Two Winding Transformers
5.DC Motor
6.Single Phase AC Motors

Reference Books

1.Van Valkenburg, M. E. (2019). Network analysis. Pearson Education.
2.Hayt, W.H., Kemmerly, J.E., Phillips, J.D., Durbin, S.M. (2019). Engineering circuit analysis. McGraw-Hill Education.
3.Ciletti, M.D. (1995). Introduction to circuit analysis and design (Latest Edition). Oxford University Press.
4.Soni, K.M. (2013). Circuits and systems. S. K. Kataria & Sons.
5.Nagrath, F.I.J., Kothari, D.P. (2017). Electric machines. McGraw Hill Education.
6.Fitzgerald, A.E., Kingsley, C. (2017). Electric machinery. McGraw Hill Education.
7.Sahdev, S.K. (2018). Electrical machines. Cambridge University Press.
8.Hussain, A. (2016). Electrical machines. Dhanpat Rai & Co.

Notes:

This syllabus follows the official BEI curriculum of Tribhuwan University. In case of any doubt or revision, the university's published syllabus shall be considered authoritative. https://ioe.tu.edu.np/pages/electronics-engineering-curriculum-structure-2660

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